查看“Micro:bit系列教程2：基本语法”的源代码




图形化编程基本语法



<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-fareast">    <span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">本章将介绍Micro:bit的基本语法，主要包括：变量，数组，循环，逻辑，函数。


<h1 style="line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:15.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:黑体;font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">1.<span style="font-size:15.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:黑体;font-weight:normal;
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">变量

</h1>

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-fareast">  <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">在makecode积木块中，默认提供了变量item，如下图所示：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193952byjj7leeszxsopxr.png]]


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</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">同时提供了将变量初始化的积木块，如下图所示：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193952gv5qz5v9v3jevv3d.png]]


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</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">注意这里变量可初始化为数字，字符串，图像等，如下图所示：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193952vyhsrtqyonhghbsp.png]]


<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_3" o:spid="_x0000_i1048" style="width:258.75pt;height:182.25pt;
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</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">*</b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">makecode<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">还提供了将变量增加或减少的积木块，如下图所示：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193953c859swj86fasbzfs.png]]


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</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">具体使用方法如下图所示：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193953j1iisbl99lxsx197.png]]


<span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof:
yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_7" o:spid="_x0000_i1046" style="width:6in;
 height:156pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
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</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">在该例程中，变量item初始化时设置为5，以1为幅度更改item后，item变为6,以-2为幅度更改item后，item变为4，最终在屏幕(LED点阵)上面显示的数字为4。



<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-fareast">    <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">最后，除了makecode默认提供的item变量，还支持自定义变量，点击设置变量，如下图所示：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193953flw0lr2qnwco19n0.png]]


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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-fareast">    <span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">点击之后，弹出下面的窗口，输入自定义变量名称，如“number”：



<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193953i5zzk7mkjktmjgbw.png]]


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</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">然后点击确定，便创建了number变量：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193953s3eir99f22002si2.png]]


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mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">


<h1 style="line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:15.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:黑体;font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">2.<span style="font-size:15.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:黑体;font-weight:normal;
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">数组

</h1>

         <span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">在makecode中，提供了数组相关的数据类型及操作方法：



<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">创建单元素数组，可创建并初始化仅有一个元素的数组，并且该数组将以该元素的数据类型作为数组的数据类型。


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193954ttvett1jyibt1ji2.png]]


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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">创建多元素数组，可创建并初始化多元素数组：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193954kq8rtfuijpci5zrm.png]]


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<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image010.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

</b>

<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">如下图所示，创建并初始化一个包含两数字元素的数组：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193955oeezh9cddlnn5qzh.png]]


<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_12" o:spid="_x0000_i1040" style="width:188.25pt;height:52.5pt;
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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">创建任意数组，如下图所示，可创建含有任意元素个数的数组，以及空数组等。


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193955ky7u7x7q88078zsk.png]]


<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_9" o:spid="_x0000_i1039" style="width:403.5pt;height:143.25pt;
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font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">注意，数组可存放数字，变量，文本，图像等内容；数组的索引下标从0开始。



<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">数组提供了较多方法，下面，将通过几个实例来学习若干方法的使用：



<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">将数据添加到数组结尾，获取数组最后一个元素：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193955hq21511qrrkk64ur.png]]


<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_13" o:spid="_x0000_i1038" style="width:325.5pt;height:121.5pt;
 visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image013.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">在该例程中，首先，依次将98,75，添加到数组scores的结尾，接着，获取数组scores结尾的最后一个元素，将其赋值给lastScore，并删除数组scores的最后一个元素。



<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">交换数组中的两个元素：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193956j7ayxl6mmlassl6l.png]]


<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_14" o:spid="_x0000_i1037" style="width:453.75pt;height:135.75pt;
 visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image014.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-fareast">    <span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">在该例程中：



<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">首先，创建一个仅包含“Hello”,“there”的数组words；



<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">接着，将数组words中的第0个元素Hello取出来，存放到变量swap中；



<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">然后，将数组words中的第0个元素设置为数组word中的第1个元素；



<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">最后，将数组words中的第1个元素设置为变量swap的值。



<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">移除数组中某个索引的元素：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193956ngcso4mcm707m0s0.png]]


<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_15" o:spid="_x0000_i1036" style="width:453pt;height:241.5pt;visibility:visible;
 mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image015.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-fareast">    <span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">如例程所示，首先，创建5个元素的数组:[4,5,9,3,2],然后从数组里面移除第2个元素9，并将第2个元素9赋值给item，此时，数组剩下4个元素:[4,5,3,2]，item的值为9。


<h1 style="line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:15.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:黑体;font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">3.<span style="font-size:15.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:黑体;font-weight:normal;
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">循环

</h1>

         <span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">接下来介绍Micro:bit的循环的用法：


<p align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:left;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">    <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">重复运行一部分程序指定的次数：

<p align="left" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:left;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193957u202z3w7vwn6oyv5.png]]

<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_16" o:spid="_x0000_i1035" style="width:104.25pt;
 height:61.5pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image016.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

</b>

<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">   *</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">当一个布尔判断式为真的时候重复执行代码：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193957aqlz7qxrrc12viex.png]]

<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_17" o:spid="_x0000_i1034" style="width:119.25pt;
 height:59.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image017.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

</b>

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">    <span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">如下所示为当一个布尔判断式为真的情况下执行LED点阵绘图的例程：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193957tdmi5zcnedc5mdui.png]]

<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_18" o:spid="_x0000_i1033" style="width:302.25pt;height:154.5pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image018.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">


<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
widow-orphan"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">在该例程中，当A按键按下的时候，初始化设置index的值为4，并且，当index的值大于0时，将坐标(index,index)的LED点亮，然后将index减1，当index小于0的时候不再进行绘图。


<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
widow-orphan"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">运行程序的一部分指定的次数:

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
widow-orphan"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193957hzv4drnw4x5ncd8e.png]]

<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_19" o:spid="_x0000_i1032" style="width:181.5pt;
 height:62.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image019.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

</b>

<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">   </b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">如下为运行程序的一部分指定次数的例子:


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193958gkcjl9xlpgpw9npj.png]]

<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_20" o:spid="_x0000_i1031" style="width:278.25pt;height:114.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image020.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;
mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">    <span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">在该例程中，将在LED点阵将显示数字0到4。



<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">    <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">索引数组中的元素并进行引用：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:
宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

[[File:193958mr4kx4jl61x0t1dv.png]]

<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center;line-height:150%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_22" o:spid="_x0000_i1030" style="width:439.5pt;height:172.5pt;
 visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image021.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">

</b>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:21.0pt;line-height:150%;mso-pagination:
widow-orphan"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">在上图所示的程序中，将索引创建的数组中的Good，与luck，并将其通过串口打印。


<h1 style="line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:15.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:黑体;font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">4.<span style="font-size:15.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:黑体;font-weight:normal;
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">逻辑

</h1>

         <span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体">在make中，提供了若干逻辑判断，下面将介绍相关逻辑判断：



<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体">    <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体">如果为满足条件则执行一些语句：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体">

[[File:193958gokk73jlttmok313.png]]


<v:shape id="图片_x0020_25" o:spid="_x0000_i1029" style="width:132.75pt;height:53.25pt;visibility:visible;
 mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image022.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">

</b>

<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
宋体">   *</b><span style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体">如果满足条件则执行第一块语句，否则执行第二块语句：


<span style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体">

[[File:193958c5yptz555cdp4ytn.png]]


<v:shape id="图片_x0020_24" o:spid="_x0000_i1028" style="width:137.25pt;height:81.75pt;visibility:visible;
 mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image023.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape>



    <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">*</b>布尔数值比较运算：



[[File:193959v8re5c5i8dc8z47r.png]]


<v:shape id="图片_x0020_26" o:spid="_x0000_i1027" style="width:89.25pt;height:138pt;visibility:visible;
 mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image024.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">

</b>

<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:
normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:
宋体">   </b><span style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体">如果条件满足，则返回true，否则返回false。



<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体">    <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">*</b><span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体">与或非逻辑运算：


<span style="font-size:12.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:宋体">

[[File:193959wjjwj99hhi2i5h8s.png]]


<v:shape id="图片_x0020_30" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" style="width:409.5pt;height:253.5pt;visibility:visible;
 mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image025.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;
font-family:宋体">


<h1 style="line-height:150%"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:15.0pt;
line-height:150%;font-family:黑体;font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">5.<span style="font-size:15.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:黑体;font-weight:normal;
mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">函数

</h1>

         <span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-fareast">Micro:bit<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">支持将多个语句封装成一封函数，下面将举例进行说明：



[[File:193959s3s3g70mpppm1qp7.png]]


<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-no-proof:yes"><v:shape id="图片_x0020_31" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" style="width:353.25pt;height:210pt;visibility:visible;
 mso-wrap-style:square" type="#_x0000_t75">
<v:imagedata o:title="" src="file:///C:\Users\LINXINWU\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image026.png">
</v:imagedata></v:shape><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">



<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:
12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:
minor-fareast">    <span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-theme-font:
minor-fareast;mso-fareast-font-family:宋体;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-fareast">在如图所示的例程中，函数Left封装了显示向左箭头的操作，函数Right封装了显示向右箭头的操作，在实际应用中，可封装更多相关语句，使得程序模块化，以达到高内聚，低耦合的效果。